Educational Objectives

• Identify the mechanism of action of vitamin K
• Explain the contraindications of vitamin K
• Explain the importance of monitoring patients on warfarin and the goals of INR
• Introduce strategies for healthcare teams to improve therapeutic outcomes in bleeding patients

Role of Vitamin K in the Body

Vitamin K is essential for preventing abnormal bleeding and controlling blood concentration due to its important role in the synthesis of coagulation proteins. This vitamin acts as a cofactor for vitamin K-dependent enzymes that lead to the carboxylation of coagulation factors and their activation. Thus, vitamin K helps in stopping bleeding and improves the condition of patients with bleeding issues.

Where is Vitamin K Found the Most?

The highest amounts of vitamin K are found in foods such as leafy green vegetables including spinach, lettuce, and broccoli. These food sources primarily contain vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), which is converted into vitamin K2 in the body.

Effects of Vitamin K Deficiency

Vitamin K deficiency can lead to coagulation disorders and serious problems in stopping bleeding. Symptoms of this deficiency may include frequent bruising, abnormal bleeding such as from the gums and nose, and in severe cases, internal bleeding. In such cases, vitamin K supplements or injections may be prescribed.

Vitamin K Tablets for Stopping Bleeding

Vitamin K tablets are prescribed as an effective treatment for stopping bleeding caused by vitamin K deficiency or excessive use of anticoagulant medications like warfarin. The typical dosage of these tablets ranges from 1 to 10 mg, but in more severe cases, it may be increased to 25 mg.

Benefits of Vitamin K Injection

Vitamin K injections are usually administered to treat acute vitamin K deficiency and to rapidly correct coagulation status. This injection is particularly effective in patients with severe bleeding or those suffering from warfarin toxicity. The usual dose for vitamin K injection is 10 to 20 mg and should be injected slowly to prevent potential side effects.

How to Take Vitamin K Tablets

Vitamin K tablets are taken orally, and the dosage depends on the severity of bleeding or deficiency. These tablets are generally prescribed in lower doses for preventive measures and in higher doses for treating acute conditions.

Vitamin K and Blood Concentration

Vitamin K plays a vital role in regulating blood concentration. Adequate intake of this vitamin can prevent abnormal bleeding and help stabilize INR (International Normalized Ratio) in individuals using anticoagulant medications. Additionally, the role of vitamin K in stopping bleeding and regulating blood concentration is very important for the health of patients.